Which circumstances condition the escalation or de-escalation of violent conflicts? When do peace negotiations provide a sustainable way out towards reconciliation? Edited by Bruce Dayton and Louis Kriesberg, the book Conflict Transformation and Peacebuilding: Moving from Violence to Sustainable Peace proposes an objective reflection on the use of violence by armed movements, based on the detailed analysis of eight case studies, from Mozambique and Nepal to Palestine and Sri Lanka. The findings suggest that several internal factors – including leadership discourse and support for armed movements on the ground – may provide answers to the abandonment of violence and sustainable transitions to peaceful scenarios.